I saw somewhere that if you were to pick randomly the next element to insert when building a binary search tree from an array, you would have 1/3 on the left and 2/3 on the right (or conversely) on average. I get that the best case is half-half and the worst case in everything in one of the branches but how do get formally to the 1/3-2/3?
You either didn't read well or you didn't express the question right. If you randomly choose the root of a tree you will be expecting nodes to distribute half left half right (expected values of nodes to the right: $$$EV = \frac 1 n (0+1+2+...+(n-1)) $$$).
Having a 50/50 distribution would be the best case (as balanced as it gets)? How could the best case be the average case?