Блог пользователя MikeMirzayanov

Автор MikeMirzayanov, история, 3 месяца назад, По-английски

UPDATE: Some time ago, there was news here that we supported C++23 by installing GCC 14 from the Winlibs project. It turned out that with this method of supporting C++23, some compatibility issues lead to significant performance drops in certain submissions. So, I tried another distribution for GCC 14: the MSYS2 project. It seems that this problem does not occur with it, and now there are no unexpected performance drops. Let's test this C++23 support option together!

Hello, Codeforces!

Together with Vladosiya, we've added support for the 64-bit g++14 C++23. You can find it under the name GNU G++23 14.2 (64 bit, msys2).

If you're using Windows, you can easily install it via our minimalistic package manager, PBOX, by running the command pbox install gcc14-64-msys2.

Thanks to the MSYS2 project! We used the distribution from the official package manager.

Your solutions will be compiled using the following command line: g++ -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -static -DONLINE_JUDGE -Wl,--stack=268435456 -O2 -std=c++23 program.cpp -lstdc++exp.

Now you can start using C++23 features!

Please note that support for GNU G++23 14.2 (64 bit, msys2) is currently experimental. We invite you to join in the testing and experimentation process. Share your thoughts and experiences in the comments!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Cool

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3 месяца назад, # |
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clang diag when back

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3 месяца назад, # |
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ha?

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Finally the wait is over...[Hooray]

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3 месяца назад, # |
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That's great! Thanks a lot!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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I'd just tried to use new compiler in this submission [submission:277680488], got TLE

but previously absolutely same solution [submission:277680737] (1 char difference to be able to submit it again) gave me AC

MikeMirzayanov please pay attention on it

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Cant use print :(

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Savior-of-Cross bro can finally rest after asking from last 5 months.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Oh finally!, it is amazing, thanks a lot!!!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Thank you.

std::format will be very useful to make many output statements cleaner for those not using printf style format strings.

Before: std::cout << a << " + " << b << " = " << a+b << '\n';

After: std::cout << std::format("{} + {} = {}\n", a, b, a+b);

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Isn't std::format a C++20 feature?

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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      Yes, I thought that it didn't work on Codeforces C++20 but I just tried it and it works already. So instead I should have mentioned std::print and std::println which are simply shortcuts for outputting std::format. My bad.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Quick benchmarking got really weird: an $$$\mathcal{O}(n \log^2{n})$$$ code on 1991C - Абсолютный ноль used like double runtime in C++23 compared to C++20:

Was it a bug, or was it intended that way...?

Extra: trying to use set in that approach yielded 1500ms for C++20 (TL=2s), and instant TLE for C++23.

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Extra #2: The runtime difference is seven-fold for $$$\mathcal{O}(n \log{n})$$$ ? [more precisely, $$$\mathcal{O}(n \log{\left( \max{a_i} - \min{a_i} \right)})$$$ ]

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Screenshot-2024-08-23-02190234

    Same code but different compiler versions, Solutions: C++20 and C++23 . The submission by C++20 was noticeably faster.

    I used unordered_map, i though C++23 will execute it faster but ... :)

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    I compared generated code with previous version of the compiler (gcc13-64-winlibs) and it looks like new version uses very conservative set of CPU instructions. Trying to force SSE/AVX resulted in compilation failure inside of one of the STL headers.

    > g++ -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -static -DONLINE_JUDGE -Wl,--stack=268435456 -O2 -std=c++23 -g -msse code.cpp
    ...
    In file included from C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/string:43,
                     from C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/bitset:52,
                     from C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bits/stdc++.h:52,
                     from code.cpp:5:
    C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/bits/allocator.h: In destructor 'constexpr std::_Vector_base<int, std::allocator<int> >::_Vector_impl::~_Vector_impl()':
    C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/bits/allocator.h:182:7: error: inlining failed in call to 'always_inline' 'constexpr std::allocator< <template-parameter-1-1> >::~allocator() noexcept [with _Tp = int]': target specific option mismatch
      182 |       ~allocator() _GLIBCXX_NOTHROW { }
          |       ^
    In file included from C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/vector:66,
                     from C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/functional:64,
                     from C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/x86_64-w64-mingw32/bits/stdc++.h:53:
    C:/Programs/gcc14-64-winlibs/include/c++/14.2.0/bits/stl_vector.h:132:14: note: called from here
      132 |       struct _Vector_impl
          |              ^~~~~~~~~~~~
    
    
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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      IIRC for Codeforces GCC13-64-winlibs already experienced failures when forcing SSE/AVX to vectors, so it's not something of novelty for GCC14 in this case.

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Please, check C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2).

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3 месяца назад, # |
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As of now, C++23 is not in the best shape, but when GCC will finally implement it, it will go hard.

Mainly for competitive programming, a C++23 gold nugget is std::print.

Finally clunky output with std::cout goes away in favor of elegant:

std::println("The meaning of the {} is {}", "universe" 42); // prints "The meaning of the universe is 42"

"Oh, nice printing, cool" you might think, but it gets better:

std::vector<std::pair<int, std::string>> vec = { {0, "hii"}, {1, "arul"} };
std::print("{}", vec); // prints [(0, "hii"), (1, "arul")]
// or not, they are not implemented yet :p
  • It is faster than std::cout or printf (so maybe fast io hack won't be as used)

Also additional cool things are std::flat_set and std::flat_map that are basically(very roughly speaking) more cache-friendly counterparts of std::set and std::map. Will it be better than std::set and std::map for competitive programming? Time will tell, right now they are not even implemented in GCC.

Also there's deducing this which makes recursive lambdas not as weird (i am a certified lambda glazer, which means that deducing this is epic and cool)

Summarizing, C++23 adds great features for competitive programming. In theory. In reality, GCC 14.2 doesn't implement most features that folks on codeforces would find interesting

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    It is faster than std::cout or printf (so maybe fast io hack won't be as used)

    As someone that has played around a ton with fastIO stuff in the past, I really doubt that this claim is true. Nothing low-level has fundamentally changed. The bottleneck is still the same.

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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      By "fast IO hack" I meant ios_base::bla_bla_bla(false) stuff almost everyone has. Didn't mean to say that it will be better than monstrous IO templates some folks use. But fmt::print is faster than my regular way of printing out stuff, so I can keep hoping

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    flat_map and flat_set are essentially sorted lists, so they have linear insertion time. They're not replacements for map or set.

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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      oh damn, I am sorry for misinformation then :(

      when i was reading some site, it said "slower insert and delete" and I thought "Oh, so worse constant, right? Right?". Again, my apologies!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Amazing! No more cout (=

Thank you very much for the effort put into making c++23 available!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Thanks a lot!!!!!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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genuine question: why are we naming it G++23, not C++23?

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    G++ specifies that it is the gnu compiler for c++. It's always been named like that for codeforces. It's similar to how theres python and pypy to choose from, even though they're both python. I remember you could also choose clang so it makes sense for them to differentiate between the two. Idk why clang isnt a compiler option anymore though.

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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      So does the MSC++ (MSVisualC++), which has disappeared since the MSVCRT event.

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    G++23 is GNU version of c++ compiler which supports C++23, C++23 is the C++ standard published in 2023.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Unexpected news. But thanks!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Screenshot-2024-08-23-02190234

I encountered a significant difference in execution time between two submissions that used the same code but different compiler versions, Solutions: C++20 and C++23 . The submission by C++20 was noticeably faster.

Why C++23 is slower in my case???

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3 месяца назад, # |
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is there any plan on update on GCC? C11 5.10 is quite outdated imo

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Wow! Is std::print available now?

Also, is codeforces the first onlinejudge which have GCC14?

Update: Emm, seems there are still some problems with std::print. :(

Update 2: Now the problems with std::print is fixed, thanks Mike. :)

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Thanks

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Cool update,but hope MikeMirzayanov can notice this about C[loud]F[are] we concerned about.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Finally, it happened.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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auto!

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3 месяца назад, # |
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when zig? when nim?

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Please upgrade to 14.3 when it releases, dynamic_bitset is fixed in that version.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Thrilled to see G++23 now supported on Codeforces! Ready to leverage the latest C++ features. <3

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3 месяца назад, # |
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COOOOOL! Does c++23 have constant optimization for stl or pbds?

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Thats great but how can i find the new features of c++23?

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Is the support for C++23 features incomplete in this compiler version? For example, is print still not usable. The following code will result in compilation errors:

#include <print>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

int main()
{
	std::string val = "hello";
	std::print("{}", val);
}
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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Please, check C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2).

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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      Yes, problems are solved now! Thanks.

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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      Well, there exist another problem. It is about #pragma. The following code gets compilcation error.

      #pragma GCC optimize("-Ofast,fast-math,-inline")
      #pragma GCC target("avx,avx2,sse,sse2,sse3,sse4")
      #include <string>
      #include <iostream>
      #include <vector>
      #include <print>
      int main()
      {
          std::string res = "hello";
          std::println("{}", res);
      }
      

      When deleting the first two lines, it is ok. Maybe the problem is about the optimize, but in fact if I use cout instead of print, it gets correct too.

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        3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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        Adding '-march=native' also solve the compilation error, at least on my computer.

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          3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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          Do you mean #pragma GCC optimize("-Ofast,fast-math,-inline,-march=native")? It does not work on custom test.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Cool LOL

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3 месяца назад, # |
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After 40 years, c++ finally has print() function

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3 месяца назад, # |
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It seems slow, and not able to use std::print and std::println for now

UPD1: Thank to mike that std::print and std::println are available.

UPD2: Sometime it's faster or slower, but within an acceptable range.

It's more likely to cause Runtime error than other g++ compiler for now. In C++20 (GCC 13-64) some code with boundary issues got Accept, but Runtime error in C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2). It might have stricter boundary detection when using C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2).

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3 месяца назад, # |
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If you are getting errors like parsing errors or missing arguments, it is because the powershell is recognizing ',' as some special charachter.

Try this instead in that case:

g++ -std=c++23 -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -static -DONLINE_JUDGE -Xlinker --stack=268435456 -O2 .\program.cpp

to compile the file, and since any name is not given in, the exe should be names to a.exe or something similar by default, and you can run that file by

.\a

Or, if you are an only-IDE person

All along, your code for compiling and running altogether will be

cd "PATH_TO_YOUR_WORKING_DIRECTORY" ; if ($$$?) { g++ -std=c++23 -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -static -DONLINE_JUDGE -Xlinker --stack=268435456 -O2 .\program.cpp } ; if ($$$?) { .\a }

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Just quote -Wl,--stack=268435456. In vscode + code runner, it is like:

    "cpp": "cd $dir && g++ --std=c++23 -Wall -Wextra -Wconversion -static \"-Wl,--stack=268435456\" -O2 $fileName -o $fileNameWithoutExt && $dir$fileNameWithoutExt"

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3 месяца назад, # |
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after using that command it still shows that gcc version is 13.2.0

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ C:\ProgramData\pbox\temp\65617\gcc14-64-winlibs$14.2.0-1>rd /S /Q gcc14-64-winlibs INFO [2024-08-23 14:52:28,631] Set environment variable 'GCC_14_64_WINLIBS_HOME=C:\Programs\gcc14-64-winlibs'. INFO [2024-08-23 14:52:28,631] Starting 'setx.exe GCC_14_64_WINLIBS_HOME C:\Programs\gcc14-64-winlibs /M'. INFO [2024-08-23 14:52:33,509] Successfully set environment variable 'GCC_14_64_WINLIBS_HOME=C:\Programs\gcc14-64-winlibs'. INFO [2024-08-23 14:52:40,241] Package 'gcc14-64-winlibs$14.2.0-1' installed to the 'C:\Programs\gcc14-64-winlibs'.

C:\Windows\System32>gcc --version gcc (MinGW-W64 x86_64-ucrt-mcf-seh, built by Brecht Sanders, r3) 13.2.0 Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    I installed via pbox as suggested and in my case it is fine:

    C:\Programs\gcc14-64-winlibs\bin>gcc --version
    gcc (MinGW-W64 x86_64-ucrt-posix-seh, built by Brecht Sanders, r1) 14.2.0
    Copyright (C) 2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
    warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
    
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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Restart cmd session to reload environment variables. Also check your PATH variable for another gcc before this.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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G++23 may cause some magical RE.

Submission using G++23: RE on #1 277773823

Submission using G++20: Accepted 277773900

UPD: Solved, I reversed the order

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3 месяца назад, # |
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This release also includes Clang/LLD/LLDB 18.1.8, which might not meet the performance downgrade. Would we have a chance to test the clang compiler?

Also, it is easy to make the Clang use existing MSVC toolkits, by passing --target=x86_64-pc-windows-msvc and it would search and use MSSTL.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Some time ago, there was news here that we supported C++23 by installing GCC 14 from the Winlibs project. It turned out that with this method of supporting C++23, some compatibility issues lead to significant performance drops in certain submissions. So, I tried another distribution for GCC 14: the MSYS2 project. It seems that this problem does not occur with it, and now there are no unexpected performance drops. Let's test this C++23 support option together!

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    3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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    Since you've chosen MSYS2 as the distribution for installing GCC, why not try installing pacman -S mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-clang while you're at it? The clang installed this way will default to using the libstdc++ library that mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-gcc uses and benefiting from LLVM's optimization capabilities, it might offer better performance, especially in terms of time consumption.

    However, the mingw-w64-ucrt-x86_64-toolchain does not support sanitisers. In my local experiments, I found that if you want to restore "clang diagnostics" without upgrading MS Visual C++ 2022, you can use another branch under MSYS2: mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-toolchain. This clang will utilize the libc++ library and allow you to use -fsanitize=address,undefined for diagnostic hints. The only downside seems to be the lack of the precompiled header file "bits/stdc++.h".

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      3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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      Thanks. mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-toolchain looks good. Another issue: %Lf doesn't work with long double for scanf/printf (libc++ specifics?). But maybe we can live without it.

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        3 месяца назад, # ^ |
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        I'm sorry I forgot to test this earlier. Indeed, %Lf doesn't work with long double, nor does std::int and std::cout. At least the long double type works fine for computations and usage; it is a functioning extended floating-point type. When outputting, converting it to double seems to work just fine.

        However, when I tested other environments that use libc++, such as Ubuntu 24.04 with libc++-dev installed via apt install libc++-dev, no issues were inputting/outputting long double types when specifying -stdlib=libc++ for clang. So it's a mingw-libc++-specific issue I guess.

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3 месяца назад, # |
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I wonder if the slow down bug still exists.

vector<vector<int>> TLE(7,vector<int>(40000));
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3 месяца назад, # |
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ok, now please remove older versions of c++ as it creates confusion among participants

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3 месяца назад, # |
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Why is my code slower in the C++23 compilation environment than in C++20? QAQ

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2 месяца назад, # |
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How to get it in my local environment? How can I get the PBOX? Thanks.

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2 месяца назад, # |
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Thanks a lot finally

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6 недель назад, # |
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Where can we find the implementation of it?

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5 недель назад, # |
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For some reason, I am still seeing a submission gets much slower when submitted as C++23, it is mainly doing operations on std::set:

C++23 (GCC 14-64, msys2) 2733 ms 284726189

C++20 (GCC 13-64). 983 ms 284731239

Hunches:

  • std::set is slow, but I tried some small tests in custom test and didn't notice substantial differences, maybe need a specific size or operation sequence to trigger this if it's the case
  • I/O is slow, which doesn't seem to be the case from test 29, also tried massive puts in custom test, the time is similar
  • bad inline decision for those small functions, tried adding inline and it slightly reduced to 2499 ms 284734309 still a large gap

Also tried to reproduce locally with gcc 13.2 and 14.2 from docker and random data, but didn't observe differences.